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Tuesday, January 21, 2014

In late 2010 a geological expedition to Antarctica drilled through the Ross Ice Shelf so they could send an ROV under it. What they found was unexpected: Sea anemones. In their thousands they were doing what no other species of sea anemone is known to do — they were living in the ice itself.

Discovered by the ANDRILL [Antarctic Drilling] project, the team was so unprepared for biological discoveries they did not have suitable preservatives and the only chemicals available obliterated the creature’s DNA. Nonetheless Marymegan Daly of Ohio State University confirmed the animals were a new species. Named Edwardsiella andrillae after the drilling project that found it, the anemone was finally described in a PLOS ONE paper last month.

ANDRILL lowered their cylindrical camera ROV down a freshly-bored 270m (890ft) hole, enabling it to reach seawater below the ice. The device was merely being tested ahead of its planned mission retrieving data on ocean currents and the sub-ice environment. Instead it found what ANDRILL director Frank Rack of the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, a co-author of the paper describing the find, called the “total serendipity” of “a whole new ecosystem that no one had ever seen before”.

The discovery raises many questions. Burrowing sea anemones worm their way into substrates or use their tentacles to dig, but it’s unclear how E. andrillae enters the hard ice. With only their tentacles protruding into the water from the underneath of the ice shelf questions also revolve around how the animals avoid freezing, how they reproduce, and how they cope with the continuously melting nature of their home. Their diet is also a mystery.

	What fascinates me about sea anemones is that they’re able to do things that seem impossible

E. andrillae is an opaque white, with an inner ring of eight tentacles and twelve-to-sixteen tentacles in an outer ring. The ROV’s lights produced an orange glow from the creatures, although this may be produced by their food. It measures 16–20mm (0.6–0.8in) but when fully relaxed can extend to triple that.

Genetic analysis being impossible, Daly turned to dissection of the specimens but could find nothing out of the ordinary. Scientists hope to send a biological mission to explore the area under the massive ice sheet, which is in excess of 600 miles (970km) wide. The cameras also observed worms, fish that swim inverted as if the icy roof was the sea floor, crustaceans and a cylindrical creature that used appendages on its ends to move and to grab hold of the anemones.

NASA is providing funding to aid further research, owing to possible similarities between this icy realm and Europa, a moon of Jupiter. Biological research is planned for 2015. An application for funding to the U.S. National Science Foundation, which funds ANDRILL, is also pending.

The ANDRILL team almost failed to get any samples at all. Designed to examine the seafloor, the ROV had to be inverted to examine the roof of ice. Weather conditions prevented biological sampling equipment being delivered from McMurdo Station, but the scientists retrieved 20–30 anemones by using hot water to stun them before sucking them from their burrows with an improvised device fashioned from a coffee filter and a spare ROV thruster. Preserved on-site in ethanol, they were taken to McMurdo station where some were further preserved with formaldehyde.

((Wikinews)) How did you come to be involved with this discovery?

Marymegan Daly: Frank Rack got in touch after they returned from Antarctica in hopes that I could help with an identification on the anemone.

((Wikinews)) What was your first reaction upon learning there was an undiscovered ecosystem under the ice in the Ross Sea?

MD I was amazed and really excited. I think to say it was unexpected is inaccurate, because it implies that there was a well-founded expectation of something. The technology that Frank and his colleagues are using to explore the ice is so important because, given our lack of data, we have no reasonable expectation of what it should be like, or what it shouldn’t be like.

((Wikinews)) There’s a return trip planned hopefully for 2015, with both biologists and ANDRILL geologists. Are you intending to go there yourself?

MD I would love to. But I am also happy to not go, as long as someone collects more animals on my behalf! What I want to do with the animals requires new material preserved in diverse ways, but it doesn’t require me to be there. Although I am sure that being there would enhance my understanding of the animals and the system in which they live, and would help me formulate more and better questions about the anemones, ship time is expensive, especially in Antarctica, and if there are biologists whose contribution is predicated on being there, they should have priority to be there.

((Wikinews)) These animals are shrouded in mystery. Some of the most intriguing questions are chemical; do they produce some kind of antifreeze, and is that orange glow in the ROV lights their own? Talk us through the difficulties encountered when trying to find answers with the specimens on hand.

MD The samples we have are small in terms of numbers and they are all preserved in formalin (a kind of formaldehyde solution). The formalin is great for preserving structures, but for anemones, it prevents study of DNA or of the chemistry of the body. This means we can’t look at the issue you raise with these animals. What we could do, however, was to study anatomy and figure out what it is, so that when we have samples preserved for studying e.g., the genome, transcriptome, or metabolome, or conduct tests of the fluid in the burrows or in the animals themselves, we can make precise comparisons, and figure out what these animals have or do (metabolically or chemically) that lets them live where they live.

Just knowing a whole lot about a single species isn’t very useful, even if that animal is as special as these clearly are — we need to know what about them is different and thus related to living in this strange way. The only way to get at what’s different is to make comparisons with close relatives. We can start that side of the work now, anticipating having more beasts in the future.

In terms of their glow, I suspect that it’s not theirs — although luminescence is common in anemone relatives, they don’t usually make light themselves. They do make a host of florescent proteins, and these may interact with the light of the ROV to give that gorgeous glow.

((Wikinews)) What analysis did you perform on the specimens and what equipment was used?

MD I used a dissecting scope to look at the animal’s external anatomy and overall body organization (magnification of 60X). I embedded a few of the animals in wax and then cut them into very thin slices using a microtome, mounted the slices on microscope slides, stained the slices to enhance contrast, and then looked at those slides under a compound microscope (that’s how I got the pictures of the muscles etc in the paper). I used that same compound scope to look at squashed bits of tissue to see the stinging capsules (=nematocysts).

I compared the things I saw under the ‘scopes to what had been published on other species in this group. This step seems trivial, but it is really the most important part! By comparing my observations to what my colleagues and predecessors had found, I figured out what group it belongs to, and was able to determine that within that group, it was a new species.

((Wikinews)) It was three years between recovery of specimens and final publication, why did it take so long?

MD You mean, how did we manage to make it all happen so quickly, right? 🙂 It was about two years from when Frank sent me specimens to when we got the paper out. Some of that time was just lost time — I had other projects in the queue that I needed to finish. Once we figured out what it was, we played a lot of manuscript email tag, which can be challenging and time consuming given the differing schedules that folks keep in terms of travel, field work, etc. Manuscript review and processing took about four months.

((Wikinews)) What sort of difficulties were posed by the unorthodox preservatives used, and what additional work might be possible on a specimen with intact DNA?

MD The preservation was not unorthodox — they followed best practices for anatomical preservation. Having DNA-suitable material will let us see whether there are new genes, or genes turned on in different ways and at different times that help explain how these animals burrow into hard ice and then survive in the cold. I am curious about the population structure of the “fields” of anemones — the group to which Edwardsiella andrillae belongs includes many species that reproduce asexually, and it’s possible that the fields are “clones” produced asexually rather than the result of sexual reproduction. DNA is the only way to test this.

((Wikinews)) Do you have any theories about the strategies employed to cope with the harsh environment of burrowing inside an ice shelf?

MD I think there must be some kind of antifreeze produced — the cells in contact with ice would otherwise freeze.

((Wikinews)) How has such an apparently large population of clearly unusual sea anemones, not to mention the other creatures caught on camera, gone undetected for so long?

MD I think this reflects how difficult it is to get under the ice and to collect specimens. That being said, since the paper came out, I have been pointed towards two other reports that are probably records of these species: one from Japanese scientists who looked at footage from cameras attached to seals and one from Americans who dove under ice. In both of these cases, the anemone (if that’s what they saw) was seen at a distance, and no specimens were collected. Without the animals in hand, or the capability of a ROV to get close up for pictures, it is hard to know what has been seen, and lacking a definitive ID, hard to have the finding appropriately indexed or contextualized.

((Wikinews)) Would it be fair to say this suggests there may be other undiscovered species of sea anemone that burrow into hard substrates such as ice?

MD I hope so! What fascinates me about sea anemones is that they’re able to do things that seem impossible given their seemingly limited toolkit. This finding certainly expands the realm of possible.

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Sun Pharma Ranbaxy : Post Merger Integration}

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Submitted by: M&A Critique

Shares of Sun Pharma witnessed massive selling pressure, plunging over 16 percent after the drug major said it expects to take a hit on profit for the fiscal 2015-16 mainly due to integration process with Ranbaxy. The question which has been raised is as follows:

Whether the merger is positive for Sun original shareholders in the long run?

Whether the merger has resulted in an immediate gain to Ranbaxys original shareholders?

Whether it will be long sustainable for the stakeholders?

Whether SUN underestimated Regulatory overhangs?

The company has said that synergy benefits from the Ranbaxy acquisition will be increased by 15-20% as compared to their original target of $250 million by FY18. This will be achieved by focusing on overall profitability improvement driven by revenue and procurement synergies, manufacturing rationalisation and various additional cost-management measures as follows:

Four Indian factories of Ranbaxy are banned from supplying to the US and are undergoing consent decree. The company, which has already paid a fine of $500 million to US authorities in 2013 after pleading guilty of serious irregularities on the fringe of fraud, has again received a subpoena on its Toansa factory in Punjab. So they are urgently fixing manufacturing issues at Ranbaxys India plants to get the ban on export of medicines to the US removed. Sales outside India accounted for 77% of Ranbaxys revenue. The remedial actions at plants in Mohali, Dewas, Paonta Sahib and Toansa are on track. They are working towards the fulfilment of the requirements of the US consent decree and will try to expedite the resolution for at least one of these facilities.

To discontinue two or three non-strategic businesses and low margin business as a part of integration process with Ranbaxy. Exiting Ranbaxy’s “low-margin” overseas geographies and also evaluating divesting of anti-retroviral (ARV) business and active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) operations to fast-track growth. The API business with two plants at Toansa (Punjab) and Dewas (Punjab) which are impacted by the USFDA import ban is small valued around $40 million, while the ARV tender business centred around Africa may only continue till the obligation is met. Most of these businesses will be divested as closing them down means incurings expenses. Certain loss-making geographies like France have been a dampener on Ranbaxy’s sales for some years, while others like Australia estimated at $35 million are not sustainable, may prompt exit. All these may not happen at one go but will “take shape” over a period of time. Exiting the low-margin businesses may not result in a huge cash flow, but will improve the profitability of the company going forward. Sun will strengthen its consumer products business as it is a high-margin, high-growth sector.

Adhering to current global manufacturing practice (cGMP) norms for various manufacturing facilitates

The company plans to increase research and development investments on products, including MK-3222, the experimental psoriasis drug which the company bought the worldwide rights to from Merck and Co. last year.

Sun will expand Ranbaxys over-the-counter or OTC brands to more countries.

To bring on track Halol facility, Sun Pharma has been facing supply constraints due to a ban on its own Halol plant.

DILIP SANGHVI EARLIER TURNAROUND:

Most buyouts by Sun, on an acquisition spree since the late 90s, have worked well. The company buys distressed assets across the globe and turns them around to not only add to its books but also its product pipeline and regions.Since 1996, the company has done 16 major deals, including the buyouts of Caraco, Taro, DUSA Pharma and URL’s generic business. All these companies were facing trouble at the time of acquisition.Sun Pharma has a successful record of turning around distressed assets with recent cases such as Taro and URL

For instance, Caraco, initially acquired by Sun in 1997, suffered several regulatory issues with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Caraco’s Michigan facilities in Detroit and Wixom were also raided by US marshals and production was stopped for alleged breach of manufacturing regulations. Cranbury facility in New Jersey also faced trouble with the US regulator. However, Sun kept increasing its stake in Caraco to turn it into a wholly owned subsidiary in 2011. In 2012, Sun also acquired URL’s generic business through Caraco, allowing it access to more products and plants. Caraco acquisition was gradual over a period of 12 years and in the process, Sun Management gained valuable experiences of dealing with US FDA. But it seems SUN underestimated problems in case of this latest acquisition both in terms of cost of compliance and time it will take

Sun’s acquisition of Israel-based Taro Pharmaceutical Industries in 2010 was a similar story. The deal was made in anticipation that Taro, with a significant share of the US generic market, would contribute to revenue immediately. However, because of long delays in concluding the deal, Sun’s US business suffered. Taro, now a Sun subsidiary, started contributing significantly to Sun’s revenue since 2012. So this acquisition also it took longer than what was anticipated due to legal issues

WHO Have GAINS REALLY AS ON DATE?

Sun Pharma-Ranbaxy

Before Merger Gains

FYPharma-Ranbaxy Market Price as on April 2012 287 458

Market Price as on April 2013 407 451

Return 41.8% -1.5%

FY 2013-14 Market Price as on April 2013 407 451

Market Price as on April 2014 587 470

Return 44.2% 4.2%

Post Merger Gains SunPharma + Ranbaxy

FY 2014-15 Market Price as on April 2014 587.00

Market Price as on date 815.70

Return 39%

Note: If Sunpharma shareholder exited on record date the (i.e. Highest Price) then they might have immediate gain for merger, but as on date they do not benefited due to merger.

CONCLUSION:

Mr. Dilip Sanghvi is known for turnaround of acquired company among his peers.He is most open to using mergers and acquisitions (M&A) to grow faster, but he has always been conscious of Sun Pharma’s bite size and the price of the acquired asset. The financial conservatism is visible in the Ranbaxy acquisition as well. The all-stock deal will double Sun Pharma’s revenues at a cost of eight per cent dilution in equity and earning per share. The deal has reaped the benefit in the market price also as Sun pharma market price after the date of announcement of merger with Ranbaxy till the record the date of merger has touch a new high to INR 1200 per share i.e. gains of almost 100%. But fall from the highest peak and also after announcement of hit on profit for F Y 2015-16 has eroded the gains which was seen as being due to the merger for the shareholders of Sun pharma. Now the market price is trading at the normal return of sun pharma which has given in the last two previous years. So as on date, the Ranbaxy shareholders have benefited due to the merger transaction. But all the stakeholders will gain in the long term as it was proved in all earlier acquisition, when the synergies benefit start reaping to the Sun Pharma due to its turnaround strategy.

About the Author: M&A Critique is the only magazine, News published from India which gives M&A News, Mergers and Acquisitions News, Analysis, Restructuring, Takeovers, and JV.Read More:

mnacritique.mergersindia.com/

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Basics Of A Dental Cleaning Or Scaling

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Asimple cleaning is when there is little or no build up of calculus, but maybe there is some discoloration such as yellowing stains.Coronalpolishing (prophylaxis) takes care of that by buffing the stains away with a rubber cup and a polishing paste. This process leaves your Teeth Feeling completely smooth and incredibly clean. Coronal polishing is also final stage when someone gets their teeth scaled.

Scaling and Root Planning (a deep root cleaning below the gums) is a process where the doctor or dental hygienist carefully Remove heavy calculus. We recommended that you get x-rays every 6 months so we can check to see if there is any build up that is latched to your teeth below the gums. This will help us greatly in efforts to inform patients on possible bone loss.

No matter which cleaning type you require we provide the most comfortable cleaning experience possible. Dr. Rana or our hygienist will go over the best treatment plan perfectly fit for your needs.

At our office we use a state of the art cleaning device called an ultrasonicscaler. Say “good-bye” to the dental tools that scrap, poke, and tug on your gums and teeth! The ultrasonicscaleris an effective way to clean your teeth in half the time by using water vibrations. The water comes from the tip of thescalerthat cools off the generated heat cause by the ultrasonicscalerpowerfrequency which is where you get the powerful cleaning action! Sounds pretty cool, right?

Here are a few GREAT reasons as to why keeping a healthy mouth is more important than you think:

Prevent Halitosis (Bad Breath) – No one wants bad breath!
Prevent Oral Cancer – Especially if you use tobacco.
Prevent Gum Disease or Gingivitis
Prevent Heart Attacks or Strokes
To have a Perfect Smile!
To keep ORIGINAL teeth.

Remember, if you get your routine cleanings everySIXmonths we can stop heavy calculus which causes gum disease. Remember, x-rays are very important too!

Friday, August 4, 2017

Yesterday, French capital football club Paris Saint-Germain triggered a €222 million (about US$263m, £198m) buyout clause of Brazilian winger Neymar to sign him from FC Barcelona, making him the most expensive footballer of all time by breaking the previous fee record of Paul Pogba’s transfer from Juventus FC to Manchester United. Neymar signed a five year contract with Paris SG which runs until June 2022.

25-year-old Neymar made his professional debut for Santos FC in January 2009, netting 138 goals in 229 matches. He was signed by FC Barcelona in 2013. Since then, Neymar has scored 105 goals and provided 80 assists in 186 games for Barça. In four seasons at Camp Nou, Neymar won two LaLiga titles, three Copa del Rey trophies, and one each of Champions League trophy Supercopa de España. Neymar was part of Barcelona’s treble winning squad in 2014–15, and finished third in 2015’s FIFA Ballon d’Or. Neymar made an international debut at the age of eighteen. He has scored 52 goals in 77 games for Brazil.

	I am extremely happy to join Paris St Germain.

Paris SG’s Qatari president Nasser Al-Khelaifi said, “Today, with the arrival of Neymar Jr, I am convinced that we will come even closer, with the support of our faithful fans, to realizing our greatest dreams”.

After penning a five-year contract, Neymar said, “I am extremely happy to join Paris Saint-Germain. Since I arrived in Europe, the club has always been one of the most competitive and most ambitious. And the biggest challenge, what most motivated me to join my new teammates, is to help the club to conquer the titles that their fans want.”

Neymar’s lawyer submitted a check of €222m to deposit Neymar’s buy-out clause at LaLiga’s headquarters, but it was rejected. LaLiga officials issued an official statement, which read, “We can confirm that the player’s lawyers came to the La Liga offices this morning to deposit the clause and that it has been rejected.[…] That’s all the information we are giving out at this moment.”

Later, Neymar’s legal representative delivered the check to FC Barcelona. A statement from Barcelona confirmed they received the payment and Neymar was no longer contracted to the club. The statement read, “On Thursday afternoon Neymar Jr’s legal representatives visited in person the Club’s offices and made the payment of 222 million euros in the player’s name with regards to the unilateral termination of the contract that united both parties.” ^{((es))Spanish language: ?Esta tarde, representantes legales de Neymar Jr. se han personado en las oficinas del Club y han hecho efectivo, en nombre del jugador, el pago de 222 millones de euros, en concepto de indemnización por la rescisión unilateral y sin causa del contrato que unía a ambas partes.} It also said, “the Club will pass on to UEFA the details of the above operation so that they can determine the disciplinary responsibilities that may arise from this case.” ^{((es))Spanish language: ?el Club trasladará a la UEFA los detalles de esta operación para que depuren las responsabilidades disciplinarias que puedan derivarse de este caso.} Financial fair play rules prevents European clubs from spending more than €30 million from their earnings. Paris SG was fined by UEFA in 2014 for violating financial fair play rules.

Manchester United’s manager José Mourinho, who spent about €105 million last season to sign Paul Pogba, and a reported fee of €75 million to sign Belgian striker Romelu Lukaku from Everton FC this season, said, “Expensive are the ones who get into a certain level without a certain quality. For £200m, I don’t think [Neymar] is expensive. […] I think he’s expensive in the fact that now you are going to have more players at £100m, you are going have more players at £80m and more players at £60m. And I think that’s the problem. […] So I think the problem is not Neymar, I think the problem is the consequences of Neymar.”

Liverpool manager Jürgen Klopp said, “I thought Fair Play was made so that situations like that can’t happen. That’s more of a suggestion than a real rule.”

French club Lille director general Marc Ingla, who had once served as Barça’s vice-president said, “It’s a blow for Barcelona. Neymar is an accelerator to this bright future of Ligue 1. The young talent pool we have here is the best in Europe. For sure we can still compete with PSG. Once you get on the pitch it’s 11 v 11 and all the transfer fees and salaries narrow a bit.”

Before the official announcement of the agreement, yesterday, Arsenal’s manager Arsène Wenger also remarked about the financial fair play and said, “Once a country owns a club, everything is possible. It becomes very difficult to respect the financial fair play because you can have different ways or different interests for a country to have such a big player to represent [that] country. It can’t justify the investments and looks unusual for the game. That’s why I always [support] football living with its own resources. You don’t look at the numbers in their absolute value anymore. Football has been for a long time out of normal society and the numbers are like the NBA in basketball, so it’s not comparable to normal life anymore. Those are the numbers. It was already out of context of society, so after it just becomes a bit extra. You cannot calculate what it brings in anymore, it’s just a number.”

On Wednesday, Neymar’s Lionel Messi posted on Instagram: “It was a great pleasure to have shared all these years with you, friend @neymarjr [Neymar]. I wish you good luck in this new stage of your life. See you tomorrow” ^{((es))Spanish language: ?Fue un placer enorme haber compartido todos estos años con vos, amigo @neymarjr [Neymar]. Te deseo mucha suerte en esta nueva etapa de tu vida. Nos vemos Tkm}.

Barcelona’s striker Luis Suárez dedicated an Instagram post for Neymar after Lionel Messi, and said, ” My friend i wish you the best in everything that comes!!! Also thank you for your support, for everything that i learned with you and for the unique moments that we spent together!!!! Keep like this and never change love you little bro” ^{((es))Spanish language: ?Amigo desearte todo lo mejor en lo que viene!!! También agradecerte todo el cariño que me diste, por lo que aprendí contigo y por los momentos únicos que pasamos!!!! Seguí así y no cambies nunca te quiero hermanito}.

Neymar has been assigned number 10 jersey.

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RSA: cautious welcome to Stern Review

Cold as ice: Wikinews interviews Marymegan Daly on unusual new sea anemone

Wikinews interviews Brian Moore, Socialist Party USA presidential candidate

Sun Pharma Ranbaxy : Post Merger Integration}

Supporters of Myanmar’s Suu Kyi mark detained leader’s 62nd birthday

Contaminated pet food causes massive recall

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Football: Paris Saint-Germain pays world record €222m to sign Neymar